What is a Venn Diagram?

What is a Venn Diagram?


Venn Diagram is a type of a diagram used to show the logical relation between sets. Venn diagrams are often called set diagrams or Logic diagrams as they show the relation between sets. These are widely used in Mathematics, Statistics, Linguistics, Logic, Teaching, Computer Science and Business. Venn diagrams consist of multiple overlapping circles. Each represent a set. The areas where the circles overlap shows elements that are common to both sets. Venn diagram was introduced by the English logician John Venn. He popularized this concept in the 1880's. The main use of Venn diagram is that it allows users to visualise the information. It shows the similarities and difference between concepts.


Venn Diagram of Three Sets

Check the Venn diagram of three sets given below.

Total = |A| + |B| + |C| - |AnB| - |AnC| - |BnC| + |AnBnC|

Venn Diagram Symbols


The symbols commonly used to represent set operations in Venn diagrams are:

  • Union of sets: ∪

  • Intersection of sets: ∩

  • Complement of a set: A' or Aⁿ

Operations on Venn Diagrams

1. Union of Sets

The union of sets combines all elements from two or more sets.

2. Intersection of Sets

The intersection of sets includes only elements that are common to all sets.

3. Difference of Sets

The difference of sets includes elements that are in one set but not in another.

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